What does the A+ Core 2 exam cover?
The CompTIA A+ Core 2 (220-1102) exam covers operating systems, security, software troubleshooting, and operational procedures. It is the second of two exams required for the CompTIA A+ certification, with the first being Core 1 (220-1101) covering hardware and networking. Both exams must be passed to earn A+, which is the industry standard for entry-level IT support technicians.
The CompTIA A+ Core 2 220-1102 exam covers operating systems (Windows, macOS, Linux, mobile OS), security concepts, software troubleshooting, and professional IT operational procedures. Together with Core 1, it completes the CompTIA A+ certification -- the most widely recognized entry-level IT certification globally.
A+ is required for help desk, desktop support, and IT technician roles and is the first certification for most IT professionals beginning their career. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics projects 5% growth in computer support specialist roles through 2032. The exam costs $246 USD and requires a passing score of 700 out of 900.
Exam Overview
| Detail | Information |
|---|---|
| Exam Code | 220-1102 |
| Full Name | CompTIA A+ Core 2 |
| Number of Questions | Maximum 90 |
| Time Limit | 90 minutes |
| Passing Score | 700/900 |
| Cost | $246 USD |
| Prerequisites | No formal prerequisites |
| Validity | 3 years (renewed via CEUs or retaking) |
| DoD Approval | IAT Level I |
The exam covers four domains:
- Operating systems (31%)
- Security (25%)
- Software troubleshooting (22%)
- Operational procedures (22%)
"A+ Core 2 is where candidates learn to do the job that IT support technicians perform every day: fixing Windows problems, removing malware, setting up user accounts, securing devices, and following organizational procedures. Candidates who have worked IT help desk jobs often find this exam more straightforward than Core 1 because Core 2 matches what they do daily." -- CompTIA A+ training community
Domain 1: Operating Systems (31%)
Windows Versions and Features
| Windows Version | Target | Key Features |
|---|---|---|
| Windows 10 Home | Consumer | Basic features; no domain join |
| Windows 10 Pro | Business | Domain join, BitLocker, Remote Desktop host |
| Windows 10 Enterprise | Large enterprise | AppLocker, DirectAccess, additional management |
| Windows 11 Home | Consumer | Requires TPM 2.0, Secure Boot, modern CPU |
| Windows 11 Pro | Business | Same as Windows 10 Pro plus enhanced virtualization |
Windows Command-Line Tools
Essential commands tested on Core 2:
ipconfig /all # Show detailed IP configuration
ipconfig /release # Release DHCP lease
ipconfig /renew # Renew DHCP lease
ipconfig /flushdns # Flush DNS resolver cache
ping 8.8.8.8 # Test connectivity
tracert 8.8.8.8 # Trace network path
nslookup example.com # DNS lookup
netstat -an # Show network connections
net use Z: \\server\share # Map network drive
sfc /scannow # System File Checker
chkdsk C: /f /r # Check and repair disk
diskpart # Disk partitioning utility
gpupdate /force # Force Group Policy update
msiexec /i package.msi # Install MSI package
Windows System Tools
- Task Manager: Monitor processes, performance, startup programs
- Device Manager: Manage hardware drivers and device status
- Services (services.msc): Start, stop, and configure Windows services
- Registry Editor (regedit): View and edit Windows registry
- Event Viewer: Review system, application, and security event logs
- System Configuration (msconfig): Configure startup settings and boot options
- Disk Management: Create, resize, and format partitions
macOS and Linux Basics
macOS administration:
- System Preferences / System Settings: Central configuration interface
- Finder: File management application
- Terminal: Command-line access
- Time Machine: Built-in backup solution
- FileVault: Full disk encryption
Linux basics: Covered in the context of desktop Linux (primarily file management, permissions, and basic commands relevant to IT support).
Domain 2: Security (25%)
Malware Types and Removal
| Malware Type | Behavior | Removal Approach |
|---|---|---|
| Virus | Attaches to files; spreads when file executed | Antivirus scan, quarantine |
| Worm | Self-replicating, spreads across network | Network isolation, AV scan |
| Trojan | Disguised as legitimate software | Remove application, AV scan |
| Ransomware | Encrypts files, demands payment | Restore from backup (do not pay) |
| Spyware | Monitors activity, exfiltrates data | Anti-spyware tools, scan |
| Adware | Displays unwanted advertisements | Browser cleanup, AV scan |
| Rootkit | Hides malware at OS level | Boot-time scanner, OS reinstall |
| Keylogger | Captures keystrokes | AV scan, hardware inspection |
| Botnet | Remote control of infected devices | AV scan, network monitoring |
Malware removal best practice procedure:
- Identify malware symptoms
- Quarantine infected system (disconnect from network)
- Disable System Restore
- Remediate in safe mode
- Schedule boot-time scan
- Enable System Restore and create restore point
- Educate user on prevention
Windows Security Features
- Windows Defender: Built-in antivirus and anti-malware
- Windows Firewall: Stateful packet filter for inbound and outbound traffic
- BitLocker: Full-disk encryption for Windows volumes
- User Account Control (UAC): Prompts for elevation before allowing administrative actions
- Secure Boot: UEFI feature preventing unsigned bootloaders
- Windows Hello: Biometric and PIN authentication
Physical Security
- Cable locks: Securing laptops to desks
- Privacy screens: Preventing shoulder surfing
- Badge readers: Controlling physical access to server rooms
- Entry control vestibule (mantrap): Two-door entry requiring one door to close before the second opens
- Key fobs / smart cards: Electronic access credentials
Domain 3: Software Troubleshooting (22%)
Windows Troubleshooting Methodology
- Identify the problem and gather information
- Establish a theory (consider most probable causes first)
- Test the theory
- Establish and implement an action plan
- Verify system functionality
- Document the solution
Common Windows Issues
Boot failures:
- Missing OS: MBR or boot sector corruption; use
bootrec /fixmbrorbootrec /rebuildbcd - BSOD (Blue Screen of Death): Examine stop code; check recent driver or hardware changes
- Windows won't start: Use Startup Repair from Windows Recovery Environment
Application issues:
- Application crashes: Check Event Viewer for application errors; update or reinstall application
- Slow performance: Check Task Manager for high CPU/memory processes; scan for malware; check startup programs
- UAC issues: Application requires elevation; run as administrator
Mobile Device Troubleshooting
| Issue | Possible Cause | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| App crashes | App bug or insufficient memory | Update app; restart device; clear app cache |
| Battery drains fast | Background apps; screen brightness | Check battery usage; reduce screen timeout |
| No service | SIM issue; carrier outage | Toggle airplane mode; reinsert SIM |
| Touch screen unresponsive | Software glitch; screen protector | Restart device; remove screen protector |
| Device overheating | Running intensive apps; environmental heat | Close apps; move to cooler environment |
Domain 4: Operational Procedures (22%)
Documentation Best Practices
- Inventory lists: Tracking all hardware assets with serial numbers and location
- Network diagrams: Physical and logical maps of the network
- Knowledge base articles: Documented solutions to common problems
- Incident reports: Formal documentation of security incidents
- Change management: Formal process for approving and documenting system changes
Environmental Controls
| Control | Purpose |
|---|---|
| HVAC | Maintaining optimal temperature (60-80°F/15-27°C) and humidity (45-55%) |
| UPS | Providing power during outages; protecting against spikes |
| PDU (Power Distribution Unit) | Distributing power to rack equipment |
| Fire suppression (clean agent) | Suppressing fire without damaging equipment (FM-200, Novec 1230) |
Professionalism and Communication
- Punctuality: Arriving on time for appointments and meeting response time SLAs
- Active listening: Letting users completely describe problems before responding
- Avoid jargon: Explaining technical issues in terms users understand
- Privacy: Not discussing customer information with unauthorized parties
- Respect: Treating all users respectfully regardless of technical ability
"The operational procedures domain is underestimated by technically strong candidates who dismiss it as 'soft skills.' CompTIA weights it at 22% because IT support is a service role. How you communicate with users, document your work, and handle difficult situations determines your effectiveness as much as your technical skills." -- A+ training instructor perspective
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take to prepare for A+ Core 2? Candidates with some IT experience typically need 4-6 weeks of study for Core 2. Those new to IT may need 8-12 weeks. The exam is more conceptual than Core 1, testing knowledge of operating systems, security procedures, and professional practices. Jason Dion and Professor Messer both offer comprehensive free or low-cost video courses covering all exam objectives.
Should I take Core 1 and Core 2 at the same time? Most candidates study for and take the exams sequentially rather than simultaneously. Core 1 (hardware and networking) logically precedes Core 2 (software and security) in the learning sequence. Some testing centers allow you to take both on the same day if you are well-prepared for both, saving travel time, but sequential preparation is generally more effective.
Is A+ worth getting in 2025 with so many more advanced certifications available? Yes, A+ remains the standard entry-level credential for help desk and desktop support roles. Employers consistently list it as a requirement or preference for IT technician positions. It also provides the foundational knowledge that more advanced certifications build upon. For career changers entering IT, A+ is the established first step recognized by virtually all IT employers.
References
- CompTIA. (2025). CompTIA A+ Core 2 220-1102 Exam Objectives. https://www.comptia.org/certifications/a
- Meyers, M. (2023). CompTIA A+ Core 2 (220-1102) All-in-One Exam Guide. McGraw-Hill.
- Professor Messer. (2025). CompTIA A+ 220-1102 Study Resources. https://www.professormesser.com/a-plus/
- Dion, J. (2025). CompTIA A+ (220-1101 and 220-1102) Complete Course. Udemy.
- Microsoft. (2025). Windows 11 Documentation. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/
- Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2024). Occupational Outlook Handbook: Computer Support Specialists. https://www.bls.gov/ooh/computer-and-information-technology/computer-support-specialists.htm